No, really, get a flu shot: Frequently asked questions about the flu vaccine

Fall typically marks the start of cold and flu season in the United States. Research shows that getting the flu vaccine can reduce influenza illnesses by 40% to 60%. It’s important to stay healthy, and if we get the vaccine sooner rather than later, we can avoid a strain on our healthcare system. Here are a few common questions about the flu vaccine to help ease any doubt that the flu shot is well worth the needle prick.

Learn more about our flu clinics

Why do I need a flu vaccine every year?

We have to get the vaccine every year, because the flu virus is constantly changing. So, the flu strains in the vaccine are updated every year by the World Health Organization to ensure it includes inactive strains of the viruses that are predicted to circulate. Unfortunately, we don’t yet have a universal flu vaccine that would protect us from all influenza for all time. Scientists are working on one, but until then, we have to get a vaccine every year.

Does the flu shot wear off?

Yes, the flu shot wears off in about six months. The flu shot does not provide long-lasting protection, which is another reason we need to get one every year.

When should I get a flu shot?

We typically suggest getting the flu shot in the early fall, before the virus starts circulating in the community. It takes about two weeks to be fully protected after vaccination. We don’t know when influenza will peak this year, so try to get the vaccine before the end of October. If that’s not possible, it’s never too late — it’s still worth getting the shot, even by February.

Will the shot inject me with the actual flu virus? Can it give me the flu?

No, the vaccine is made of an inactive version of the flu virus and, therefore, is not infectious. The nasal spray is made of a weakened form of the virus and cannot cause influenza but may cause a mild runny nose for a day or two. After vaccination, some people may experience other side effects such as a headache, mild fever, or muscle aches for a couple of days; these side effects may contribute to the misconception that the flu shot can give someone the flu.

Can I get my flu shot and my COVID-19 vaccine (or booster) at the same time?

Yes, studies have found that it is safe and effective to get both a flu shot and a COVID-19 vaccine at the same time. Studies show there is a slightly increased risk of side effects such as muscle aches and fatigue, but that these are mild and go away quickly.

In the near future, we expect a single shot that combines COVID-19 and flu vaccines.

Learn about the new RSV prevention methods, includes vaccines for adults and an antibody treatment for infants

Is it true that the flu shot doesn’t always work?

Yes, it’s true that the flu vaccine won’t always work in everyone who gets it. A person’s immune history has a lot to do with their response to the vaccine. Also, the effectiveness of the vaccine varies each year. However, even when the shot isn’t as effective, it can help minimize how sick people become if they are infected.

Can people with egg allergies still get a flu shot?

Yes, it’s safe for people with egg allergies to get a flu vaccination, including vaccines made in eggs. However, those with a severe egg allergy are encouraged to get the vaccine in a medical setting with supervision by a healthcare provider who can manage an allergic reaction should one occur.

Are non-needle versions of the flu vaccine available?

Yes, the nasal flu vaccine is available for most people between the ages of 2 and 49 who are healthy and not pregnant. The FDA recently approved the use of the nasal vaccine by individuals at home by themselves or a caregiver, meaning it does not necessarily need to be administered by a healthcare provider. This nasal vaccine, first approved by the FDA in 2003, has been used safely and effectively for years.

Who should not get a flu shot?

Children younger than 6-months-old should not get a flu shot, nor should people with severe, life-threatening allergies to flu vaccines. Those who are immunocompromised should talk with their healthcare provider before getting the vaccine, as should those who are not feeling well. To protect individuals who cannot get the flu shot, it is vitally important that everyone around them get their flu shots.